IMQGrammar

These pages describe the IM Query grammar conventions and meaning.

A formal IMQ Grammar can be accessed in ABNF form at https://github.com/endeavourhealth-discovery/IMDirectory/blob/develop/im_library/src/antlr4/grammars/ECL.g4

The following is used as a working example throughout the pages:

Find: 
Patients
Registered for GMS
Aged 65 to 70 or Diabetic
Latest systolic BP within the last 6 months is >150
Not followed by a screening invite
Not already hypertensive

Symbol conventions

A small set of symbols are used to represent meaningful language tokens. These are:

Symbol	Meaning	Example
'{' '}'	Used for clauses to differentiate the content from other similar clauses, as well as to indicate graph traversal. It is used in the same way as { } is used in Json to represent and object.	where {age >=65 to <75 units : years}
','	comma used to indicate a list entry number 2 or more. the language does not require brackets to show a list.	where { :concept in ^xx:VSET_Diabetes, <<:sct:714628002|Prediabetes } means that the concept is either a member of the Diabetes value set or is prediabetes
'@'	sed as an identifier qualifier to indicate a type.	im:Concept indicates that this refers to instances of type im:concept from { @:Patient} means that the query is looking for all instances of type patient.
''^'	used as an identifier qualifier to indicate a set or population elsewhere defined	rom { ^ex:RegisteredPatients} means the set of registered patients, used mostly in referencing base populations or value /reference sets
'<<'	ubsumption qualifier used to indicate descendants or Self of against an identifier	<<:sct:714628002|Prediabetes| means prediabetes or any of its descendants
'<'	used to indicate 'descendants of but not including self'	<:sct:714628002|Prediabetes| means any of its descendants but not prediabetes itself * (rarely used)
'>>'	ed to indicate 'Ancestors of including self; against an identifier .	from {>>sct:127489000| has active ingredients means the property active ingredients or any of its super properties. Used to validate attributes in the domain range Snomed concept model.
''|' '|'	used as a short cut to indicate the name of a concept or	:sct:714628002|Prediabetes|

Identifiers

Query definitions include reference to a data model types, properties, concepts or sets. Identifiers are represented as RDF IRIs in both the full or prefixed form. For example:

http://snomed.info/sct# and sct: 29857009 may be equivalent where the query contains a prefix list

Boolean operators

The boolean operators 'and' , 'or' and 'not' can operate in either the from or where clause, using a "bool" predicate. 'and' is the same as an intersection (all must be true), or is a union (at least one true) and 'not' is a union of negation (any one must be false). Further nesting can resolve boolean combinations (e.g. not/and)

Example use of boolean operators in where clause:

Plain	Json
where { {:age>= 18 units: years} and {:statedGender is :905031000252103|Male|} }	{"where" : { "bool" : "and", "where" : [ { "id" : "age", "operator" : ">=", "value" : 18, "unit" : "year"}, {"id" : "statedGender", "in" : [ {"@id" : "im:905031000252103", "name" : "Male (stated gender)" } ] } ] }